The best varieties of pears

Pear is one of the most unpretentious, useful and popular fruit trees. With the development of horticulture, the exchange of experience from different countries, various varieties were bred. Only today on sale you can see about 50 varieties, differing in taste characteristics, method of planting and growing, appearance. Not every buyer, even an expert in this matter, will be able to make a choice in favor of a specific option. Therefore, experts have compiled a top rating, which includes the best varieties of pears in 2024 based on opinions and real reviews. The review presents winter, autumn, summer varieties, criteria for competent selection and a short excursion to each nominee.

Description of pear varieties

In Central Russia, pear cultivation is not an easy task, since the tree does not like groundwater, and also increasingly suffers from various diseases. Despite this, it is in great demand, so buyers are looking for the right seedlings that will take root, and then will regularly produce crops. Experts recommend the following best pear varieties for consideration:

• Saratovka - autumn selection, which was obtained in 1977 by mixing German Bergamot with Bere Zimnaya Michurin. Such work was carried out at the gardening station, as well as at the Saratov State Agrarian University. N.I. Vavilov. There were several authors: A. A. Kondratyev, G. V. Kondratieva, N. V. Bodrov.
• Olivier de Serre - entered in the register in 1947, although initially such a tree was bred in France back in 1847. The author is the originator of A. G. Bouabunel. Olivier de Serre later took part in the creation of more than a dozen new varieties.
• Belarusian late - this type was obtained in 1989 by the Belarusian Research Institute of Fruit Growing, today the RUE “Institute of Fruit Growing” of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Authors - M.G. Myalik, N.I. Mikhnevich, G.K. Kovalenko. It was imported into Russia only in 2002.
• Miracle woman - a relatively new variety, which was obtained as a result of the painstaking work of the employees of the State Scientific Institution VNIIG and the Michurin Plant of Applied Research in Russia. It became widespread in different regions of the country in the mid-2000s. The list of authors is large - N.I.Savelyev, S.P. Yakovlev, A.P. Gribanovsky and others.
• In memory of Yakovlev - the last creation of the great breeder of Russia P.N. Yakovleva. To create it, a long work was carried out for a period of several years, as a result of which a plant with unique frost-resistant characteristics was obtained. It got into the State Register in 1985.
• Marble - the tree was entered into the State Register in 1965 after it was taken out in Rossosh near Voronezh and adapted for cultivation by the originators GD Neporozhny, AM Ulyanishchev. Today it is one of the most popular varieties, withstanding different temperature conditions.
• Muscovite - one of the most revered, unique fruits due to its taste, healing properties. It was first bred at the Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazev by several authors - S.P. Potapov, S.T. Chizhov in 1979
• The conference - this fruit of English origin has been grown for over 130 years. It was bred in Great Britain in 1895, and this name was given in honor of the British National Conference on the cultivation of pears. Differs in good drought resistance.
• Talgar beauty - the fruit was bred by the Kazakh Research Institute of Fruit and Viticulture, breeder A.N. Katseiko, and has been entered into the State Register since 1960 under the number 1-20 / 13. Since then, the Talgar beauty has been considered an achievement of Kazakh breeders.
• Duchess - such a plant was first developed in Great Britain by a specialist Wheeler in 1796. The name from English is translated as "duchess". The main goal of the breeder's work is to obtain a fruit with medicinal properties for the treatment of colds.
• Victoria - a unique variety suitable for southern latitudes. It was developed at the Institute of Irrigated Horticulture of Ukraine through the painstaking work of a whole group of scientists. The list of originators includes E.A. Avramenko, I.N. Maksimova, I.N. Boyko, G.I. Kulikov, P.V. Grozditsky.
• Cathedral - one of the most famous summer fruits for growing in temperate climates. It was developed by the Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazev. Included in the State Register in 1990. Author S. T. Chizhov, S. P. Potapov.

How did we choose

The taste characteristics of pear varieties are far from being the most important parameter of assessment for experts, of choice for buyers. It is much more important to pay attention to the requirements for planting, growing, the ability of the plant to adapt to a certain climate, and much more. The top ranking was based on a whole group of factors:

• Growth strength - growing conditions, size of an adult tree;
• Early maturity - early, medium, late;
• Frost resistance - resistance to critically low temperatures;
• Winter hardiness - adaptability to winter conditions;
• Productivity is the potential of the tree;
• Taste qualities of fruits - size, sweetness, pulp density, etc .;
• Immunity - resistance to stress, disease, longevity;
• Season - winter, autumn or summer plant;
• Demanding - the whimsical nature of the tree to care.

To get a good harvest every year, a plant needs not only the right choice in accordance with the planting site and climate, but also competent care. Experts preferred those varieties that are the least whimsical, available to most buyers, and popular in Russia. Real reviews of gardeners helped to evaluate all the characteristics.

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The best winter varieties of pears

Late varieties of pears are in great demand and popularity in different parts of Russia, but mainly with a cold climate. This is due to the fact that such plants tolerate low temperatures better, are adapted to winter growing conditions, and most importantly, their crops can be stored much longer. They helped to select the best winter varieties of pears, photos and recommendations of specialists, the experience of gardeners, real reviews. Among several dozen applicants, 4 nominees were included in the review.

Saratovka

During the creation of such a tree, two sources were used - German Bergamot, Winter Bere. The result is a pear with medium fruits, the average weight of which reaches 120-140 g in an elongated shape with a smooth surface. A winter plant, under the right conditions of growing and storage, allows you to maintain the harvest until February. It can be harvested from mid-August to the very end of October. In adulthood, it reaches medium height, bears fruit by about 5 years. Differs in a dense crown with branches directed upwards, a brown-gray trunk. Taste - the fruit is sweet, with a thick skin and dense pulp, as it ripens, it acquires a lemon hue with a red or orange blush.

Advantages

• Increased resistance to ailments;
• Endurance to temperature changes;
• Taste qualities;
• Good preservation in winter;
• Marketable condition;
• High productivity.

disadvantages

• Dense crown;
• Fruits from 5 years after planting.

Experienced gardeners in the reviews advise, so as not to reduce the yield, to prune the crown regularly, otherwise Saratovka will direct the force on the growth of young shoots.They also confirm the ability to preserve the beneficial properties of the fruit until late winter, the portability of transportation over long distances. Minuses are noted for the first fruits not earlier than 5 years after planting, as well as exactingness to regular pruning of the crown.

Olivier de Serre

Such winter pears perfectly tolerate transportation, retaining their external and taste qualities until March. But due to the fact that they were bred in France, on the territory of Russia, trees show capriciousness to the conditions of growth and care. As a result, you can get a medium-sized plant in which the branches are directed upward, forming a compact crown of brown shades. Over the summer, it can grow many new branches, this reduces the yield indicator. A single fruit can weigh up to 400 g, although it will look small with a round shape and a firm skin. The uneven, bumpy surface is covered with red spots. The taste is sweet, the pulp is white, creamy, fleshy with a pleasant almond aroma. Fully ripens closer to September.

Advantages

• Fruit resistance to scab;
• Excellent taste;
• Not crumbling;
• Transportability;
• Compactness.

disadvantages

• Demanding landing conditions;
• Late fruiting.

Gardeners recommend cutting off extra branches every fall, this will allow Olvier de Serre to direct his forces not to the growth of shoots, but to the subsequent increase in fruit. If winter with severe frosts is ahead, it is better to cover it. With all its advantages, there are several flaws - the fact that the pear does not bear fruit until 6-8 years old, and also the fact that the tree needs highly fertile well-irrigated soils with the necessary heat.

Belarusian late

Late variety with ripening closer to September, bred in Belarus. As it grows, it reaches small sizes up to 3.5 m with branches growing at right angles to the trunk. The crown is flat, smooth with a gray-brown color. Gardeners can pick the first fruit by 4 years after planting. One unit can weigh up to 100-120 g, featuring a classic shape with a light, rough skin dotted with brownish dots. Differs in juicy, moderately dense pulp with a slight sourness. Due to its winter hardiness, the plant rarely suffers from temperature drops, it is not more often exposed to diseases, pests. The fruits contain useful vitamins, especially C, to maintain immunity.

Advantages

• Taste with sourness;
• Vitamin composition;
• Long storage;
• Early maturity;
• Flowering vitality;
• Frost resistance;
• Rare diseases.

disadvantages

• Does not bear fruit regularly;
• Risks of damage by scab, fire blight.

Gardeners advise planting Belorusskaya late at the end of May in order to increase the chances of survival. Unlike the previous nominees, no crown formation is required here. The first fruits can be harvested 2-3 years after planting. The weak point is the tendency to diseases, indicated in the minuses, if there is a cold, damp summer.

Miracle woman

The name is telling, since it has high resistance rates along with a bountiful harvest and unpretentiousness. A distinctive feature is a pyramidal crown with branches without pubescence, the height of which reaches 3-5 m. Growth strength is average, special attention was paid to fruits weighing up to 210 g with an oily skin covered with a waxy bloom. Their color is light green, diluted with a light pink blush. Among the winter representatives, this is the sweetest variety of pears with a delicate creamy pulp and a pleasant aroma. They can hang on a tree for a long time, and after harvesting, they can be stored in optimal conditions for up to 4-5 months.

Advantages

• Stability of fruiting;
• External, taste;
• Transportability;
• Excellent keeping quality;
• Compactness of wood;
• Maximum winter hardiness.

disadvantages

• The requirement for frequent pruning;
• The first fruits are 5-6 years old.

The nominee is popular due to its viscosity, astringency, flower-pear aroma.Reviews confirm that the tree is unpretentious, easily withstands winter conditions, and is stored until the end of winter. The downside is that you can enjoy all this only for 5-6 years after planting in the soil, in addition, it is important to form the crown in a timely manner.

The best autumn pear varieties

In this category of the rating will be presented those trees from which you can get fruits in early autumn in September, as well as in late autumn by November. Unlike other varieties, they crumble less, allow them to keep the harvest longer, almost until the beginning of spring. Sweet, sweet and sour, moderately juicy, they have no astringency, they have a nutmeg aroma. Among the huge selection of seedlings on sale, it is difficult to determine your preferences. But the expert rating narrowed the search circle from several dozen to the top five.

In memory of Yakovlev

A well-known pear in memory of Yakovlev in Russia, the description of the variety of which is indicated in many official sources. Two types of trees took part in its creation - Tema, Olivier de Serre. Most often it is planted in the middle lane due to the fact that it remains resistant to winter conditions. Differs in unpretentiousness to soil, planting, care, gives fruit with a pronounced aroma and taste. Such a plant yields early and in sufficient volume, after about 4-5 years. The fruit has a wide shape, can weigh up to 200 g, inside stores sweet, juicy creamy pulp without astringency. It reaches its maximum size at the age of 7, providing a harvest of 20 kg or more per season. Demonstrates resistance to scab, pests.

Advantages

• High level of winter hardiness;
• Low risks of disease;
• Yields growing over the years;
• Soon, self-fertility;
• Harmonious appearance;
• The possibility of tight landings.

disadvantages

• The need for watering;
• The unevenness of ripe fruits.

This small, fast-growing tree reaches 1.5-2 m, with a symmetrical skeleton, correct branch formation.

You can remove the fruits by mid-September, although they can hang for a long time without crumbling. The variety does not tolerate drought, and with abundant fruiting, there is an uneven ripening.

Marble

An early autumn variety obtained by crossing the Forest Beauty and the Winter Bere. Fruit ripening occurs at the end of August, the first ten days of September. Characteristic features are not thickened wide-pyramidal crown, medium size, fruits on young ringlets, weak formation of young shoots. One fruit can reach a weight of 150-200 g, having a regular round-conical shape without tuberosity. The thick skin is soft, yellow in color with a marbled blush. The coarse-grained creamy pulp tastes juicy, sweet, melts in the mouth, has a pleasant pronounced smell. Unlike many predecessors of the review, Marble blooms much earlier.

Advantages

• Good climate adaptability;
• Sweet large fruits;
• High coefficient of utility;
• Self-pollination;
• Exposure to -25 degrees;
• Useful fructose in the composition.

disadvantages

• Does not tolerate drought;
• Powdery Mildew Risks.

The collection can be stored in a cool place for about 2 months. Shows exactingness to watering, which is considered a disadvantage. Rarely, but powdery mildew lesions do occur. The pear is adapted for different regions of Russia. Gives the first decent harvest by 6-7 years of age.

Muscovite

Initially, Moskvich was developed by breeders who create different varieties of pears for the Moscow region. The nominee belongs to the category of dessert fruits that ripen in the autumn. The external differences of the tree are average growth force, standard type, dense crown, first in the form of a funnel, and after a cone. The fruits are wide in shape with a weight of up to 120 g, yellow-green skin and dots on it, dense and juicy white pulp. Unlike the predecessors of the review, Moskvichka rarely blushes, shows a rich sweet and sour taste, and a pleasant aroma.As soon as the surface begins to turn yellow (by about September), the crop can be harvested. At temperatures up to 0 degrees, it will last up to 3 months. One plant can give 35-50 kg per season already by 3 years after planting.

Advantages

• Not afraid of frost;
• Resistance to rot, scab;
• Long storage;
• Harvest in 3 years;
• Correct fruit shape;
• High taste characteristics.

disadvantages

• Great height;
• The larger the harvest, the smaller the fruits.

Experienced gardeners recommend collecting Moskvichka still green, since it ripens well during storage. It makes fragrant compotes, sweet jams. In order to get large, saturated fruits, it is advisable to cut off the branches in a timely manner and shed excess crops.

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The conference

The Conference looks unsightly, elastic and dense, but inside it is soft, fragrant. She is noticeably different from other nominees in high growth, lush crown, spreading branches densely covered with foliage. It quickly grows shoots, therefore it needs regular pruning in order to form a conical crown. This will allow the sun to hit the lower branches better. Differs in high self-pollination, but low endurance of weather cataclysms. The mass of one pear is 130-150 g, the structure is creamy, oily, sweet and juicy, the shape is conical, resembling a bottle. The skin is yellow-green, matte, harsh. Curved short stalks reduce the percentage of shedding. Their shelf life reaches 5-6 months. They are distinguished by their valuable biochemical composition - vitamins A, B, C, a complex of minerals, acids. Tannin adds astringency to the Conference.

Advantages

• Early fruiting;
• Active growth;
• Abundance of fruit;
• High index of palatability;
• Powerful self-pollination;
• Marketability, transportability.

disadvantages

• Weak resistance to disease;
• Dependence on weather conditions.

In one place, the tree has shown high potential for 40 years, it needs loose, fertile soil. The conference loves warmth, suitable for southern regions with wintering down to -18 degrees. With modest external qualities, it has almost the best taste, this is confirmed by numerous reviews.

Talgar beauty

The result of painstaking work of Kazakhstani specialists, which demonstrates high potential in the southern regions. A pyramidal crown with a wide base looks impressive with a low growth of up to 3 m.This tree will require an additional source of pollination, so other varieties are planted next to it, for example, the Conference. The fruit is characterized by an irregular one-sided shape, weighing up to 170-250 g, light yellow color with a dark pink blush, medium-dense smooth shiny skin. The pulp is crispy, sweet, but without a pronounced aroma, sugar prevails over sourness. Harvesting can be carried out in early September, after which pears are stored in a cool room with a temperature of about 10 degrees for 1-2 months, depending on maturity.

Advantages

• Early maturity;
• Good keeping quality;
• High taste indicators;
• Resistance to frost, disease;
• Unpretentiousness;
• Minimal risks of non-yield.

disadvantages

• Dark spots on the pulp when picked late;
• Disease risks.

The tree shows the first result closer to 5 years after planting. Talgarka easily takes root, as it is unpretentious to living conditions. In order for the root system to fully develop, the first couple of years are not allowed to bloom. The crown needs to be trimmed regularly to eliminate crowding.

The best summer pear varieties

The earliest varieties of pears are summer ones, which are distinguished by the best taste, disease resistance, weather conditions, abundant fruiting, and drought resistance. But at the same time it is important to timely carry out preventive treatment, to feed the plants. The fruit is covered with a thin skin that retains a soft juicy texture.You won't be able to store them for as long as winter and autumn gatherings, but you can use them in the preparation of juices, jams, compotes, etc.

Duchess

One of the most common pear varieties in the world. It is distinguished by a mass of properties - unpretentiousness to the land, climate, stable collection, high tasting ratings. The summer species of Duchesse is not self-fertile, it needs pollinators. Flowering starts late in comparison with other trees of this type, the flowers are large and resistant to cold, even tolerating frost. It is possible to enjoy Duchess 5-6 years after planting. One fruit weighs 170 g, has an elongated shape, bumpy surface with a yellow thin peel. Unlike all predecessors of the rating, here the most pronounced aroma with notes of nutmeg, taste. You can pluck it by mid-August, store it no longer than 1-1.5 months.

Advantages

• Unpretentiousness;
• Low risks of diseases (including scab);
• Tasting evaluations;
• Fruit appearance;
• Versatility of appointment;
• High potential.

disadvantages

• The tree needs treatment from aphids, carnival;
• The need for a pollinator.

The drier the soil, the sweeter the Duchess will be, so experts advise choosing elevated areas for planting. Due to its high sweetness, the tree loves aphids, carnival and other pests, so regular processing is needed. One adult plant can produce up to 250 kg, but this will require a pollinator nearby.

Victoria

A late summer ripening crop in which the fruits reach ripeness in the second half of August or early September. You can collect them in the 6th year after landing in the ground. Despite the fact that flowering often occurs during the spring frost, the weather does not affect the ovary in any way. From the trees that breeders crossed, Victoria inherited high gastronomic ratings, frost hardiness, and stable potential. As it grows, it reaches 5 m in height, overgrows with a spreading crown of a round-pyramidal shape. A pear of the correct symmetrical shape belongs to dessert varieties, juicy and sweet, it can weigh from 115 to 260 g, and due to the lack of density of the structure, it is rarely used in conservation. Victoria rarely crumbles, can be stored for up to 3 months at 5 degrees.

Advantages

• Frost resistance;
• Presentable appearance;
• High gastronomic ratings;
• High immunity;
• Drought exposure;
• Stable harvest.

disadvantages

• With a lack of sun, glucose in the composition decreases;
• Potential only in warm climates.

Such a plant needs direct access to sunlight for 100% benefit. This also affects the sweetness of the harvested fruit. The best growing environment is regions with warm climates.

Gardeners do not recommend choosing areas with lowlands and accumulation of precipitation. Most often, Victoria is planted for commercial purposes.

Cathedral

The review is completed by a seemingly simple pear, which can be purchased inexpensively in any seedling market. In fact, this is a tree with great potential, stable, reliable, unpretentious in maintenance. Differs in average size, conical crown, rare growth of branches. Despite the fact that this is a summer plant, the ripening period depends on the weather, the number of sunny days. By the beginning of autumn, fruiting ends in any case. One plant gives on average up to 40 kg of pears; the potential can be increased if it is planted next to pollinated relatives. Difference from other summer varieties in unique frost resistance to -30 degrees, scab, and other fungal infections. The fruits are characterized by a regular shape, slight tuberosity of the skin, weighing 120-140 g, medium density filling with a fine-grained delicate texture. The aroma is weak, but oiliness is felt, pronounced sweet-sour and juicy motive.

Advantages

• Tolerance to adverse weather conditions;
• High stable yields;
• Rapid maturation at 3-4 years of age;
• Low risks of fungi, scab;
• Presentable appearance;
• Availability.

disadvantages

• Weak transportability;
• Short shelf life.

You can store the Cathedral variety only for a couple of weeks, so it is more often used for preparation, conservation, and drying. You can only feed from the second year of life in the ground. Responsible care, protection of the tree must be provided in the first years. Gastronomic characteristics are not inferior to their southern relatives, according to reviews.

Which variety of pears is better

The choice of the buyer was presented the best early, middle, late varieties for the summer, autumn, winter seasons. What to choose from this is a purely individual question. You need to rely on personal desires, plant requests for planting, care. Comparing all the advantages and disadvantages of the nominees, feedback from experienced people, the experts made the following conclusions:

• Conference - the highest keeping quality;
• In memory of Yakovlev - self-fertile, early-growing variety;
• Victoria - presentable appearance;
• Duchesse - the highest tasting marks, leader in yield;
• Miracle is the sweetest winter variety;
• Marble - large fruits of regular shape;
• Moskvichka is a young variety with excellent winter hardiness and fast ripening.

Thanks to the work of breeders, today you can see many interesting and worthy trees for home or industrial cultivation on sale. Each has unique properties, characteristics by which a choice should be made. Experts advise not to dwell on one, but to try to replenish the garden with several pears.